Information Contacts: W. Aspinall, K. Rowley, J. Shepherd, and J. Tomblin, UWI; K. Krafft, Cernay, France; H. Lamb, Univ. Rising steam and a strong sulfurous smell have been reported coming from the water in the crater lake . NEMO stated that evacuations in the Orange and Red zones were impeded by significant ashfall and poor visibility, but by the evening most residents had been evacuated. The October extrusion rate was an order of magnitude less than that of late September and two orders of magnitude less than the May rate. Field work during mid-January 2021. The volcanoes of the West Indies have produced some of the most explosive and deadly eruptions over the past few centuries. Periods of banded tremor associated with explosive activity and stronger pulses of ash emissions to higher altitudes began at 0330 on 10 April, lasting for periods of 20-30 minutes with 1-3 hour gaps. Ash fell across the island, affecting communities including Chateaubelair and Petite Bordel, the observatory, Belmont and surrounding areas at the S end of the island, and forcing the closure of the Argyle International Airport (20 km S). The maps shown below have been scanned from the GVP map archives and include the volcano on this page. Most of the evidence tends to suggest that there is a slight new lava being extruded at a slower rate into the crater, but whether this decrease in activity is temporary or not is too early to comment on at this stage. Latest nearby quakes. doi:10.1038/282024a0. La Soufrire or Soufrire Saint Vincent ( French pronunciation: [sufj s vs]) is an active stratovolcano on the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. There is some indication that this eruption is similar to what occurred during the 1902 activity at La Soufriere. Richard Fiske and Haraldur Sigurdsson descended into Soufrire's crater on 18 June. Persistent gas-and-steam emissions were observed rising above the dome, as well as from the contact between the 2020/21 and 1979 domes during the rest of the month and through February. The Montserrat Volcano Observatory stated that a sulfur odor and minor ashfall from Soufrire St. Vincent was observed on their island (390 km NNW). West Indies. Starting at 1653 the network also detected volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes, some of which had been felt in communities, including Fancy, Owia, and Sandy Bay. The rate of rise of the island has slowed down, and the major growth is now lateral by very slow extension of blocky lava lobes and ridges radiating from the central region. volcano started emitting a tall grey-tan plume, of volcanic ash into the air above the small island. Crater tremors were of the order one a day since 7 March, but none have been recorded since 1 April.". In at least 95% of historic eruptions at similar volcanoes where there has been any explosive activity, this has begun within the first two months of the onset of eruption. Seismic activity gradually increased through the day, and by 1900 about 15 clearly identifiable earthquakes, apparently B-type, were occurring per hour. The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Almorales, Seismic Research Unit, University of the West Indies. Stratigraphy and geochemistry of the Soufriere volcano, St. Vincent, West Indies. The explosions at La Soufriere were recorded by infrasound (low frequency) on Guadelope, almost 200 miles (300 kilometers) away. Card 1358 (23 February 1972) W. Aspinall and H.J. . Gas emissions were visible in the afternoon of 17 January rising from the top of the dome as well as from areas of contact between the new and old domes. Remaining gas and steam plumes and lahars will be monitored remotely from its base in Trinidad and Tobago. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) reported that the lava dome in Soufrire St. Vincents main crater continued to grow during 10-16 February. Activity during March 2021. Major mud flows that traveled down the larger valleys (mostly on the W side of the volcano) carved deep, narrow canyons, dramatically exposing pre-1979 valley fill deposits. Scientists at NCAR, Kyushu University, and other institutions, will search at higher latitudes for stratospheric aerosols from this event. Volcanologists monitoring the volcano will need to see if the new magma erupting is more gas rich, and thus more explosive, to try to understand how this eruption might progress. Lava extrusion continued from the same vent that produced the 1971 dome and the 1979 explosions. Observations on 14 January revealed that the dome was growing taller as well as expanding to the E and W. During an overflight on 15 January scientists saw extensive vegetation damage on the E, S, and W inner crater walls; damage previously noted along the upper part of the SW crater rim had expanded downslope. The NE rim of the 1.6-km-wide summit crater is cut by a crater (500 m wide and 60 m deep) that formed in 1812. Periods of tremor and near-constant swarms of LP and hybrid events were recorded on 16 April. This island is composed largely of three E-W trending ridges of a black massive rock. | May Confirmed Eruption, 2135 BCE 50 years We are in the lower half of that range. Hot pyroclastic avalanches have accompanied at least three of the explosions. The total number of displaced people was 12,775 by 19 April, with 6,208 people in 85 public shelters and 6,567 people (1,800 families) in private shelters. The first explosive activity was observed at dawn (about 0500) on 13 April. The highest point on the island maintained its height of 226 feet relative to the 3 November datum. The northern peak was at 216 feet and the eastern summit at 201 feet. Between 50 and 200 very small local earthquakes continued to be recorded daily by the summit seismic station, but very few were detected by seismometers on the flanks. This depth is 48.5 ft less than the maximum obtained during the previous sounding survey on 27 January, and confirms that the lava dome is still expanding horizontally across the former lake floor. Around midday, the time between episodes of high-amplitude tremor lengthened from 1.5-4 hours to 5-8 hours, which continued to coincide with explosions and ash emissions. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Card 1370 (28 March 1972) H.J. A high-level seismic tremor was also detected at 1109 that lasted for 20 minutes. On 15 September the Alert Level was lowered to Yellow and remaining evacuees were allowed to return home. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility. Staff members of the Soufrire Monitoring Unit (SMU) made visual observations of the crater on 16 December and reported minor changes in fumarolic activity and a small lake on the E side of the crater floor. . Chairman of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), Prime Minister Dr. Keith Rowley said Thursday that the regional grouping had mobilized to support St Vincent and the Grenadines. Live Volcano Webcams. The recent bout of explosive activity began on April 9, 2021. In addition, a number of pinnacles and small islands are sticking out of the water NW of this larger island. This drop can be accounted for entirely by evaporation and there is no evidence of leakage through the crater wall. Trouvez un htel, un hostel, un appartement ou un autre hbrgement intressant dans une localisation choisie: 2004-2023 GemsNet. Sulfur dioxide emissions were 461 tons per day on 20 May. It is evident from the data of the past three weeks that activity in the Soufriere crater is very slight. In addition, 40-60 minor seismic events are being reported every 24 hours by high-gain seismographs close to the crater rim. As strong explosive activity continued at Soufrire St. Vincent, strong SO2 plumes exceeding 2 Dobson Units (DUs) were detected during 9-14 April, moving generally E, based on data from the TROPOMI instrument on the Sentinel-5P satellite. Harmonic tremor continued to saturate the instruments from 2200 on 12 April through 1600 on 14 April. At 0300 on 29 April, the seismicity that had accompanied the eruption since 12 April ended almost completely, and there have been virtually no local earthquakes since then. On 1 March a new seismic station installed at the National Parks Interpretation Center at Bamboo Range on the E side of the volcano became operational. Widespread sulfurous odors and haze during mid-February 2005 on the island of St. Vincent and as far as the Grenadines (50-75 km S) led some people to conclude that the smells reflected increased output of volcanic gases from the Soufrire volcano, St. Vincent, a possible harbinger of an eruption. Roobol M J, Wright J V, Smith A L, 1983. Shepherd, J.B., and Sigurdsson, H., 1982, Mechanism of the 1979 Explosive Eruption of Soufrire Volcano, St. Vincent: JVGR, v. 13, p. 119-130. Nat Hazards, 11: 163-191. Card 1400 (09 June 1972) Water temperatures and level stabilize. . According to National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) the total number of displaced people was 13,154 by 21 April, with 6,208 people in 85 public shelters and 6,790 people (1,618 families) in private shelters. Worldwide animated weather map, with easy to use layers and precise spot forecast. Operator: madinina.webcam Webcam Tartane, Martinique - 63.5 miles from Soufriere: La Caravelle Operator: madinina.webcam UWI-SRC and the National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) both warned the public to stay away from drainages and areas prone to flooding, and noted that lahars have caused notable erosion and damage to drainages and parts of the coastline. On 9 April 2021 there was an explosive eruption, and the volcano "continued to erupt explosively" over the following days, with pyroclastic flows. Ash is falling on many communities on northern half of the island. The lake level has been dropping; it dropped a couple of feet in the last three days. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. There is data available for 3 deformation periods. The SO2 plume initially fanned out to the NE, E, and SE across the Atlantic Ocean. Island now 145 feet above water level; lake temperature drops, Card 1341 (11 January 1972) Island now 145 feet above water level; lake temperature drops. Information Contacts: Card 1321 (01 December 1971) Haraldur Sigurdsson, Seismic Research Unit, University of the West Indies. Ash is falling on many communities on northern half of the island. St. Vincent. The increased scent of sulfur in towns was attributed to a southward shift in wind direction towards the towns, rather than the usual E direction. The maximum daily count was 11 events on 16 November. Daily satellite-based sulfur dioxide measurements were notable beginning on 9 April. During the August survey, some pulsing steam emission took place, mostly at the S edge of the lava, but no explosions were observed. . Satellite data confirmed that explosions had excavated the 2020-2021 lava dome and parts of the 1979 dome, leaving a large crater. Minor rockfalls continue to take place off the edges of the lava mass, but these are less frequent than in the past weeks as is also indicated by a slight decrease in the number of tremors recorded by the summit seismograph stations. Another survey of the island is planned and would probably be carried out within the next two weeks, in order to determine the rate of increase in area of the island. Small VT earthquakes were recorded around 1800. Ash rises into the air as La Soufriere volcano erupts on the eastern Caribbean island of St. Vincent, seen from Chateaubelair, Friday, April 9, 2021. Loss of life was recorded in the 1812 and 1902-03 eruptions when 56 persons died in 1812 and over 1500 in 1902-03. On 6 May the Volcanic Alert Level was lowered to Orange (the second highest on a four-color scale) because no explosions had been recorded since 22 April and the number of volcanic earthquakes had decreased significantly. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) reported that the lava dome in Soufrire St. Vincents main crater continued to grow during 24 February-2 March. All available evidence indicates that the eruption will neither end nor become violent in the early future. The Dust Veil Index for the 1902 eruption of Soufrire was calculated at 300; the Krakatau 1883 eruption = 1,000. 15 (Tomblin, 1968). Confirmed Eruption, 2200 BCE 150 years Manage Settings The eruption continues as before. In the period from 8 to 14 December only three events have been positively identified as local earthquakes. The Soufrire has now been in eruption for over four months and has comfortably exceeded this initial period of high uncertainty. Gas emissions persisted in the summit area from the top of the dome and along the contact area between the pre-existing 1979 dome and the 2020-21 dome, damaging vegetation on the SW side of the volcano. This report reviews information through February 2021 using bulletins from the University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC), the National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), and various satellite data. The following report on the subject comes from SRU's Richard Robertson. Occasional satellite images of the summit showed a series of changes to the new crater, centered in the SW part of the summit crater. Clicking on the small images will load the full 300 dpi map. The first two explosion clouds on 13 April were smaller, and the explosion reported at 0300 on 14 April produced no infrared signature. In volcanic eruptions in general the most silica-rich products appear first, when the risk of violent eruptions and explosive activity is greatest. Explosivity or notable ash venting coincided with the episodes. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Closer to the island the water depth starts decreasing at a rapid rate. to be taken to nearby islands for the time being. The cooling of the lake to 66C is an indication that at present very little hot lava is in contact with the water. The island is now 145 feet in height above water level, but its growth has decelerated in the last few days. The Washington VAAC reported a new ash emission rising to 7.6 km altitude at 1850 that was associated with a thermal anomaly. Confirmed Eruption, 0750 BCE 100 years | September The period of tremor lasted until about 2100 and was followed by ongoing small LP and hybrid events. After this explosion, the seismicity consisted primarily of 30-50 small explosion events per hour, which could be correlated with the ejection of steam puffs that sometimes contained a little ash. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); NASA Global Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring Page, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), 8800 Greenbelt Road, Goddard, Maryland, USA (URL: https://so2.gsfc.nasa.gov/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground); Jenni Barclay, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK (URL: https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/persons/jenni-barclay); Ian Renfrew, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, UK (URL: https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/persons/ian-renfrew). Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports. Resulting pyroclastic flows traveled about 6 km WSW. Max VEI: 3, 1971 Oct 4 6 days - 1972 Mar 20 The Alert Level remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). The dome dimensions were estimated to be 340 m long, 160 m wide, and 90 m high. The Seismic Research Centre at the University of the West Indies (UWI-SRC) and National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO) of St. Vincent and the Grenadines reported that during an overflight at 1600 on 31 December scientists confirmed that the new lava dome on the WSW edge of Soufrire St. Vincents 1979 lava dome continued to grow. . The observers noted that the small black-colored dome had grown on the WSW edge of the 1979 lava dome. Unfortunately, this survey had to be abandoned due to unfavorable conditions on the lake. A new effusive eruption had built a lava dome in the summit crater of Soufrire St. Vincent when observed on 29 December by personnel from the National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and the Alert Level was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Webcam provided by windy.com - add a webcam, JavaScript Disabled - Advanced Features Not Available - Please revisit this page with a JavaScript aware web browser for full functionality, Copyright 2008/2023 - WebKams - All Rights Reserved. Around 2100 the seismic network recorded multiple lahars, though their location could not be determined. A new phase of activity from Soufrire began in late April. A period of summit crater lava extrusion, accompanied by little or no seismicity, began in late April and was continuing at the end of June. As a result, more than 20,000 people were evacuated. The number of events sharply declined after July but continued intermittently through November 2020. The true amount of horizontal expansion of the dome is therefore 44 m. The W half of the dome is now 10-20 feet higher than the E half, and the two halves are still separated by a N-S valley. En cliquant sur ce bouton, vous acceptez nos. Soufrire St. Vincent is the northernmost and youngest volcano on St. Vincent Island. of Michigan; R. Fiske, SI. Gas-and-steam plumes were often visible from Belmont Observatory. These earthquakes were more intense and averaged 50/hour; the 23-25 March swarm averaged 1.5/hour. The summit seismic station recorded 50-200 small earthquakes per day during July, but none of these were detected by instruments on the flanks. A third explosive series began at 1835. According to a news article, residents of the island of St.Vincent reported smelling sulfur in towns as far S as Kingstown. Basse-Terre North-East: La Soufriere Volcano. Information Contacts: R. Fiske, SI; H. Sigurdsson, Univ. This eruption is particularly noteworthy because of the wide variety of observations made by various scientific teams (from land, low-flying aircraft, a high-altitude research plane, and from satellites). The lack of significant seismic activity supports our interpretation of the present events as a relatively quiet eruption of a gas-poor lava. Tripadvisor. Report on the eruptions of the Soufriere, in St. Vincent, in 1902, and on a visit to Montagne Pelee, Martinique. A single MODVOLC thermal alert was detected on 29 December. Frequent explosive eruptions after about 4,300 years ago produced pyroclastic deposits of the Yellow Tephra Formation, which cover much of the island. 2020 Dec 27 - 2021 Apr 22 Tephra is a lot less dense than dense rock: you get a larger volume out than fits in the hole. No comprehensive survey of the island has been carried out during this period but from visual observation the general shape is still as previously described. Multiple lahars continued to be recorded by the seismic network within all drainages during 28-30 April due to heavy rainfall (figure 32). Mean values for all available wet chemical analyses of Soufrire St. Vincent rocks, summarized from UWI Seismic Research Special Publication No. The plume collapsed, generating pyroclastic flows that descended several valleys on S and W flanks, reaching the coast at Morne Ronde (4.3 km W), Larikai (3.5 km WNW), and Trois Loupes Bay (3.5 km NW) (figure 25). Explosions early on 11 April were followed by widespread power and water outages on the island, as reported by NEMO, and some houses had collapsed due to significant ashfall (figure 24). SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico An explosive eruption rocked La Soufriere volcano on the eastern Caribbean island of St. Vincent on Friday after the government ordered thousands to evacuate their homes. Eruptions at La Soufrire volcano have propelled ash and gas high into the air over the Caribbean islands of Saint Vincent and Barbados. Periods of banded tremor began at 0330 on 10 April, lasting for periods of 20-30 minutes with 1-3-hour gaps. Gas plumes continued to damage vegetation in the summit area as well as on the SW flank. On the other hand, the shallow tremors have decreased to about one-quarter of their rate of occurrence in early December, without any decline having taken place in the rate of injection of new lava into the dome. Credit: NOAA, Initial ash plume seen by GEOS-16 from the April 9, 2021 eruption at La Soufriere on St. Vincent. Five long-period (LP) earthquakes and two brief swarms of VT events were detected between the tremor episodes; ash venting was also observed during the last episode. Sources: University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC); National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Advanced geospatial Data Management Platform (ADAM). The new lava is significantly more basaltic, i.e., lower in silica (55.3%) than the products of the most violent phases of the 1902 eruption, which were more andesitic in composition, with silica content of 56-58%. The Alert Level remained at Orange. Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves declared an emergency and, called for the evacuation of much of the northern part of the island, on April 8 after increasing earthquakes and gas emissions pointed towards something larger brewing. A few small daily earthquakes were recorded. The resulting ash plumes rose to 10.6-16 km altitude throughout the day. The amount of tephra produced by the current eruption is about two orders of magnitude less than in 1902. . During the initial stages of the explosion a pyroclastic flow was observed traveling down the W flank, reaching an average speed of 33 km/hour. (1) 758 518 6106. There has been no significant change in seismicity since a several-day increase in the number of events in late June and early July. University of the West Indies Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC), National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, NASA Global Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring Page, MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, Eruptions, Earthquakes & Emissions Application, National Emergency Management Organisation (NEMO), Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Advanced geospatial Data Management Platform (ADAM), Caribbean Handbook on Risk Information Management, https://doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.10.1721, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.216.4550.1125, Department of Mineral Sciences collections, World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO), GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE), Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA), Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA), Ashfall in Barbados (100 miles E) 7-8 May 1902, Ashfall on SS Coya (275 miles SE) 8 May 1902, All Pleistocene-Recent pyroclasts deposited in St. Vincent, Garu, Morne | Garou, Morne | Soufrire Saint Vincent, Ash plume rose 16 km altitude on 9, 10, and 11 March 2021, WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. 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