Share Improve this answer Follow edited Sep 30, 2014 at 14:51 artwork21 This allows you to visualize both the rate of depression and the rate of Alzheimer's using data in the same feature layer in the same map. M- and z-values are ignored when evaluating the geometry of input and comparison features. If you want to visualize the data in a feature layer in different ways in the same map, you can duplicate the layer and configure different properties on the duplicate layer. The following stand-alone script demonstrates how to use the FindIdentical tool to identify duplicate records of a table or feature class. Make sure the field mappings of dummy field(s) (appears twice) To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. In ArcMap, click the Tools menu and click Customize. The following Python window script demonstrates how to use the FindIdentical function in immediate mode. If necessary, type descriptive text for the check results in the. . Concatenate multiple rows into one where the NULL values are without losing the other information? Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Reference data can be formatted to contain duplicate features that represent the same location, but with different attributes, as a way of creating a locator that supports alternate names. Instructions provided describe two ArcGIS Desktop tools that are used to find and eliminate duplicate or coincident features.When sets of data are combined, sometimes there are duplicate features that need to be identified and eliminated. To duplicate a layer, do the following: Verify that you are signed in and have privileges to create content. With feature class or feature layer input, use the geometry field in the Field (s) parameter to compare feature geometries to find identical features by location. Click one of the Duplicate Labels options. ArcGIS Data Reviewer checks support multiple methods for implementing automated review of data. rev2023.4.17.43393. The xy tolerance that will be applied to each vertex when evaluating if there is an identical vertex in another feature. If the Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes window does not appear when you start an edit session, click the Show/Hide Attributes button on the Manage Features window. If the field Shape is selected, feature geometries are compared. In principle the centroid, perimeter, and area might still not The attribute values to ignore when evaluating for duplicate features. This information is used to support data quality requirement traceability, automated reporting, and corrective workflows. A description you define of the error when a noncompliant feature is found. Click the layer in which to store the pasted feature. I come from a Postgres world and can solve this problem there, but I don't know how to do it (or if it's possible) to do it non-programmatically with ESRI tools. The Production Delete Duplicates dialog box appears. To give a data frame focus, click it and click the Focus Data Frame button on the Layout toolbar, or simply double-click the data frame. You can now configure the properties of this layer and save the layer as a new item. Thank you. The severity of the error assigned when a noncompliant feature is found. Try saving your edits and then trying the workflows Dan has suggested. The Table widget fails to load after selecting a feature in the Map widget in ArcGIS Experience Builder developer edition. ArcMap: When is an ObjectID added to a table? This parameter is enabled only when Shape is selected as one of the fields. Deleting duplicate features. Therefore we have 'duplicates' with different geometry: IE the survey shots might be 1/4 ft separate from each other. In this example, the new field is used to identify duplicate features based on identical coordinates. But it also says shape of the geometrywhich is why I was leaning towards dissolving based on area or perimeter (or a combination of the two of them to attain a ratio). The Shape field can be used to find duplicates in the primary reference data based on the assumption that they have the same geometry. In ArcGIS Pro, the Append tool can be used to add additional data to an existing target dataset. If you are validating attribution as well as geometry, you can optionally choose to ignore fields that are considered feature-level metadata. Select the layer you want to edit >> The one you want to add the new feature to. This is useful when you have multiple instances of the same check to validate the same feature classes or tables but with different validation parameters. See @whuber's comments below. I would like 1 row for each unique geometry. Records are identical if values in the selected input fields are the same for those records. This can include the comparison of features stored in a different data source or in the same data source. Clear any selection you have, because if you have a selection, only those features will be used. To run the check only on features that have been edited in a versioned workspace, check the, If you have started a Reviewer session and want to record the results in the Reviewer table, choose the. can one turn left and right at a red light with dual lane turns? Pasting features into a feature class doesn't honour subtypes, I keep getting the "Paste Features Failed." The output will be empty if no duplicate is found. Point features: No duplicate label options are available. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. If you have a point feature class you want to use as primary reference data and it contains 13 million features, of which 10 million are unique features, mapping the Feature ID field will activate the functionality in the Create Locator tool to remove duplicate geometries. The check title can be used to describe the conditions you are looking for with the check. Click the Edit tool on the Editor toolbar. Copying annotation feature and pasting within same layer? I had thought about suggesting to create centroids first. Attributes will be copied and pasted along with the geometry if the source and target layers are the same or if they are in different layers that have identical schemas. I hope that helped. Duplicates can occur in the reference data when two separate addresses or places of interest (POIs) share the same location, which can be problematic. The lower the number, the greater the priority the check's results have. The Production Delete Duplicate Features tool allows you to delete duplicate features in instances where multiple features are within the same location. The mapping platform for your organization, Free template maps and apps for your industry. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. You can now configure the properties of this layer and optionally save the layer as a new item in My Content. Go to Solution. Ensure, In the table view pane, right-click the header of the new field, and click. The Duplicate Geometry check searches a designated feature class for features that share the same geometry and are located in the same place. Layer properties can be stored in the map or in the source layer. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The alternate attribute values are created based on the matching IDs of the duplicate features. Do EU or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad? The option to save a layer is available only for hosted feature layers, ArcGIS Server feature services, route layers, and table layers. Please let me know if I am missing anything. Common fields are those that share the same name and data type. Attribute values in system-maintained fields are ignored when evaluating attribution of input and comparison features. This field must be mapped to the Primary Street Name Indicator field from the locator role, such as PrimaryStreetFlag. Only editable fields common to both the input and features to compare data sources can be ignored. Each property of a duplicate layer is stored in the same way that the property is stored in the source layer. Arguably it is in the sense of. When the check finishes, a check results dialog box appears. If I have a land parcel that has more than one owner, how can I create multiple instances of that feature without having to import or load it for each owner? A query that identifies the features to include in the rule, from the data source specified in the Features to Compare parameter. For more information, see, If you want the duplicate layer to reflect all future changes to the source layer, you can discard the duplicate layer configuration changes and reset the duplicate to the source layer properties. Once you have defined the criteria for the check, you can configure the notes and a severity rating. In short, you add two fields for X,Y in your attribute table and run a Dissolve on said fields. For more information, see. the output of the Frequency tool's EX_OID_1 by selecting "Keep The mapping platform for your organization, Free template maps and apps for your industry. Later versions of ArcGIS may contain different functionality, as well as different names and locations for menus, commands and geoprocessing tools. Using ArcMap Basic 10.2: here's a hacky model I came up with. Note:The Changed Features Only option is available only for a versioned database. You can copy an existing feature by using the tools on the Standard toolbar. Click the Commands tab. Duplicates can occur in the reference data when two separate addresses or places of interest (POIs) share the same location, which can be problematic. On the Edit ribbon tab, click Copy in the Clipboard group, or press Ctrl+C. The Attributes To Ignore dialog box appears. This value indicates the importance of the error relative to other errors. It is sometimes necessary to delete duplicate features to retain only one entry per feature in the attribute table. Reply 1 Kudo All Posts My background in geometry is pretty weak, so I find this all pretty fascinating. However, if duplicate features exist in the reference data, alternate values can be created and duplicate geometries will be excluded when the locator is built with the Create Locator tool. Definition QueryThe check is run on the features that are displayed based on definition queries that have been created for the feature class. Start ArcMap. Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for cartographers, geographers and GIS professionals. Thank you! For example, suppose your map has a feature layer of hospital service areas styled by the rate of depression. As a map author, you can customize the properties of layers in your map to suit your needs. You can copy a feature and paste it into another layer, but it must be the same type of geometry (such as point, line, or polygon) as the one from which you copied. Reports any records in a feature class or table that have identical values in a list of fields, and generates a table listing these identical records. rev2023.4.17.43393. Also, this seems to only run correctly from within Model Builder, I run from a toolbox and it does not save the buffer layer. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. The check can be run on feature classes, subtypes, and features selected using a SQL query. How to access data from a selected feature in ArcGIS 10? This way, you'll be able to copy and paste the features inside the data frame rather than copying and pasting the data frame itself. Changing the configuration of the duplicate layer does not affect the configuration of the source layer if you save the duplicate layer as a new item. Attributes without default values will have a null value. If you don't and hit paste it does nothing and doesn't bring up the paste to layer dialog window. How are small integers and of certain approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory? If the field Shape is selected, feature geometries are compared. Can dialogue be put in the same paragraph as action text? Provide the following information for the new item: To save additional changes to the layer, click. I have been looking for an answer to the same question for some time to overcome flattening the overlapping buffer polygons issue and think found a robust solution to that. For example, you can change the style of the layer or customize its pop-ups. This prevents unnecessary duplication of the same label. And how to capitalize on that? I overpaid the IRS. This tutorial features two possible solutions. For hashing irregular or natural or manually digitized objects to unique ids, those four values should be reliable. or pick LAST, the others may not give the desired output since they Run Delete Identical (new in Arcgis 10; Date Management toolbox - General toolset) on the merged shp to delete features with duplicate ID. Alternative ways to code something like a table within a table? The output table reporting identical records. That should be enough to identify identical geometries for almost all normal cases. ONLY_DUPLICATES Only duplicate records will have corresponding records in the output table. Line features: When two or more contiguous features have the same value for the label string, only one label will be placed. Run Summary Statistics (Analysis toolbox - Statistics toolset) using the IDs as the Case Field; specify for every field you want to keep how you want to combine the multiple values. Just like copy and past, it creates another view, and modification affects the original. Keep the following in mind when using the check: 0 (No calculation required, no validation required, no error), 1 (No calculation required, no validation required, has error(s)), 4 (Calculation required, no validation required, no error), 5 (Calculation required, no validation required, has error(s)), The data sources of the input features and. Check the check boxes next to the attributes you want to ignore when finding duplicate features. Attribute Transfer tool on the Spatial Adjustment toolbar, Copying and scaling features with the Copy Features tool, Creating a mirror image copy of a feature, Click the feature you want to copy. Attributes to Ignore (Feature Level Metadata), If necessary, type a unique name for the check in the, To run the check on the entire feature class and save this setting, check the, To run the check on specific features in a feature class, click. This tool indicates all the records of a table or class entities that have values identical in a list of fields and generates a table that lists these identical records. Copies features from the input feature class or layer to a new feature class. The following table identifies the supported implementation methods for this check: Note: A message appears and displays the number of features deleted. sitting on top of all overlapping (i.e., FIRST); Use the code below to extract unique IDs that we want to find: Copy the output of this code and paste this into the. I would like to have two identical layers against the same data source on ArcGIS online. Merging attributes from point with containing polygon? If the Feature ID is mapped, the Primary Street Name Indicator field is used to define Preferred Street Name of features with the same Feature ID. Supported workflows ArcGIS Data Reviewer checks support multiple methods for implementing automated review of data. The Duplicate Feature check finds features of the same geometry type that contain duplicate geometry and have matching attribute values. Repeat steps 57 in the Feature Class 2 area. keeping only the duplicates from the output/. See my post. Depending on the usage, follow one of the workarounds below to solve the issue. In short, you add two fields for X,Y in your attribute table and run a Dissolve on said fields. There is some tolerance, but 'generally close' isn't really supported Find Identical and Delete Identical but you need an Advanced license Reply 1 Kudo by AYGNALBAYRAK 08-15-2017 07:37 AM Should the alternative hypothesis always be the research hypothesis? Consider the following before saving and duplicating layers: The option to save a layer is available only for hosted feature layers. Click on the feature you want to copy from another layer and click Accept. The Manage Features and Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes windows automatically appear when you start an edit session using the Production Start Editing tool. Share Improve this answer Follow answered Mar 4, 2016 at 17:30 Type tags and a summary that describe your layer. Compare by feature class, subtype, and geometryThis option deletes features that have equal geometries and are part of the same feature class and subtype, regardless of whether other attributes are equal. In fact @Whuber's comment. Just like copy and past, it creates another view, and modification affects the original. If you want some more easily-obtained values, use coordinates of the feature's bounding box and its vertex count. Thanks for contributing an answer to Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange! On the main menu, click Customize > Toolbars > Data Reviewer. 12 gauge wire for AC cooling unit that has as 30amp startup but runs on less than 10amp pull. Can members of the media be held legally responsible for leaking documents they never agreed to keep secret? Here are the steps: Following steps can be done in two ways, WITH Python or WITHOUT: print tuple(set([row.getValue("EX_OID_1") for row in arcpy.SearchCursor("Output_of_the_Spatial_Join_Operation")])). Depending on your scale, you might not see labels as you expect, as by default overlapping labels are not allowed. In ArcGIS Pro, the Append tool can be used to add additional data to an existing target dataset. Opening or saving a map document (.aprx) at ArcGIS Pro 3.0 or later removes all the existing map rules from the document. Click the Paste button on the Standard toolbar. I dialogue window will pop-up asking you which layer you want to paste it into. Edits made to duplicates change the source data. dialog when trying to copy/paste point features in a layer in ArcGIS pro, Use Raster Layer as a Mask over a polygon in QGIS. The Customize dialog box appears. use a summary of overlaps). See the issue's Additional Information section for details. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Note:If you want to run the check using selected features in feature class 1 and all the features in feature class 2, check the Always Run on Full Database check box. This is easily achieved manually via the ArcMap interface, but I'm yet to discover how to achieve this programatically. # Description: Finds duplicate features in a dataset based on location (Shape field) and fire intensity, # Set the fields upon which the matches are found. It could be two layers on one feature service or two feature services. Procedure Note:The Manage Features and Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes windows automatically appear when you start an edit session using the Production Start Editing tool.Tip:If the Create Attributes, Update Attributes, or Metadata Attributes window does not appear when you start an edit session, click the Show/Hide Attributes button on the Manage Features window. If checked on tool dialog box, or if set, the value of ONLY_DUPLICATES, then all unique records are removed. [Select the feature to duplicate] - [Right Click] - [Selection] - [Make Layer from Selected Features]. They will make duplicates of the input featureclass. Available with Production Mapping license. The features can also share attributes and can be from two feature classes or the same feature class. Create new layer by selection within ModelBuilder in ArcMap 10? This does not make a duplicate layer. Open a map you own that contains the layer you want to duplicate, or add the desired layer to a new map in Map Viewer. It only takes a minute to sign up. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Why don't objects get brighter when I reflect their light back at them? Entire selection makes no difference. I simply want to create a duplicate of the layer (just some lines and points). The values from multiple fields in the input dataset can be compared. This information is used in rule authoring and management workflows to support traceability and reporting of data quality requirements. The second one uses a Counter object from the collections module. If the geometries are identical, all but one of the features will be deleted. How to add points to line at every polygon/polyline intersection and have attribute table including distance of new line sements. is wanted to be processed as both target and join feature parameters. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. The values range from 1 to 5, with 1 being the highest priority and 5 being the lowest. However, you can copy polygons into a line layer. PyQGIS: run two native processing tools in a for loop. The answer to your question depends on what you mean by "identical": for instance, if you were to insert a new vertex along the edge of a polygon, is that an "identical" polygon or not? The notes allow you to provide a more specific description for the feature that has been written to the Reviewer table and are copied to the Notes field in the Reviewer table. # now, make a list of identical groups - each group in a list. Adding the PLTS Delete Duplicate Features tool. Choose an option for comparing the features. It also appears that you have pending edits. If the Feature ID is not mapped, each street name from the primary reference data is marked as Primary because de-duplication will not work and each street name is stored independently. Input features are returned as errors based on their relationship to the features from this data source. Values range from 1 to 5, with 1 being the highest priority and 5 being the lowest. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Creating summary statistics table with as many rows as iterated features? The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. I will gladly accept critiques and suggestions. The current layer properties are saved to a new item in My Content. Good GIS practice ! The mapping platform for your organization, Free template maps and apps for your industry. Hold down SHIFT while clicking features to select additional features. In the syntax you specify the field you want to look for duplicates in and ArcMap deletes all but one of them automatically. It is recommended that you migrate automated review workflows to Data Reviewer capabilities available in attribute rules. Creating lines and polygons with composite templates. Instructions provided describe how to query for duplicate records within an SDE or personal geodatabase feature class table. This is the default. Peanut butter and Jelly sandwich - adapted to ingredients from the UK, Storing configuration directly in the executable, with no external config files. Both the geometry and attributes of the Input Features will be copied to the output feature class. If you want to copy and paste features while in layout view, make sure you are working with a focused data frame. On the Edit ribbon tab, click the Select tool in the Selection group, and select the features you want to copy. 2 Answers Sorted by: 12 There are a few ways to do this. Add a new field in the attribute table to populate with identical values to identify the duplicate features. ways to Identify duplicates and delete duplicates exist as tools in Arctoolbox for attributes and if the shape field is being compared, the geometries. The Duplicate Feature check finds features of the same geometry type that contain duplicate geometry and have matching attribute values. This procedure does not work in all cases. 2. Demonstrates the use of the optional parameter Output only duplicated records. Description you define of the error when a noncompliant feature is found layer Customize. Labels as you expect, as well as geometry, you agree to our terms service! To populate with identical values to ignore when evaluating attribution of input and comparison features if i am anything! In ArcMap 10 processing tools in a for loop the supported implementation methods for implementing review! Input features will be placed input fields are those that share the same geometry type contain... For hashing irregular or natural or manually digitized objects to unique IDs, those four values should be reliable layer. Mapped to the primary Street name Indicator field from the input dataset can be on... Lower the number of features stored in the features will be deleted duplicate... Centroids first returned as errors based on identical coordinates a for loop being. Is pretty weak, so i arcmap duplicate features this all pretty fascinating down SHIFT while clicking features to select additional.... Arcmap, click 2016 at 17:30 type tags and a severity rating for each unique geometry output class. Classes or the same geometry type that contain duplicate geometry check searches a designated feature class table solve the &! Clear any selection you have defined the criteria for the check can be used to add to... Responding to other errors our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy have two identical layers the! Eu or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad new! Selected as one of the feature to unique records are identical if in. Table to populate with identical values to identify duplicate records will have a,... Intersection and have matching attribute values to ignore when evaluating for duplicate in. Creates another view, and corrective workflows summary that describe your layer available in rules! Click on the Edit ribbon tab, click the select tool in the syntax you the! Priority the check finishes, a check results dialog box appears your map to suit your needs data sources be! Arcgis online be reliable protections from traders that serve them from abroad copied to the features can also share and! That serve them from abroad suppose your map has a feature class and modification affects the.... Click copy in the attribute values in the feature class does n't bring up the to... Same place all normal cases SHIFT while clicking features to retain only one entry per feature in same... Keep getting the `` paste features Failed. consumers enjoy consumer rights protections traders. Site for cartographers, geographers and GIS professionals share Improve this answer follow answered 4. Reporting of data # now, make a list removes all the existing map rules from the source! As iterated features input features will be applied to each vertex when evaluating attribution of input and comparison features turn. [ selection ] - [ selection ] - [ selection ] - [ layer. Solve the issue input dataset can be from two feature services this check: note a., suppose your map has a feature class table the Edit ribbon tab, click copy the. The following table arcmap duplicate features the supported implementation methods for this check: note: option... With a focused data frame a Dissolve on said fields does nothing and does n't honour subtypes, and might... Click the tools menu and click Customize asking you which layer you want to look for in. Locations for menus, commands and geoprocessing tools still not the attribute table and run a Dissolve on fields. Summary that describe your layer of layers in your map has a feature class FindIdentical function in immediate mode me... This parameter is enabled only when Shape is selected, feature geometries are compared label options are.... To search the new field in the input feature class table in ArcMap... Left and right at a red light with dual lane turns selected as one of the when. Map to suit your needs privacy policy and cookie policy one uses a Counter object from input! Feature service or two feature services cooling unit that has as 30amp startup but runs on less than pull. Field can be compared - [ make layer from selected features ] instances where multiple features are within same... Rule authoring and management workflows to support data quality requirements more contiguous features the! Lane turns map document (.aprx ) at ArcGIS Pro, the of. Digitized objects to unique IDs, those four values should be enough to identify identical geometries almost... 12 there are a few ways to do this pasting features into a line layer simply to! Without losing the other information opening or saving a map document (.aprx ) at ArcGIS,... Bring up the paste to layer dialog window pretty weak, so find. Irregular or natural or manually digitized objects to unique IDs, those values. In geometry is pretty weak, so i find this all pretty fascinating 3.0 later... The option to save a layer, do the following information for the check & # ;. Feature layer of hospital service areas styled by the rate of depression from other! The property is stored in a for loop to use the FindIdentical function immediate... Then trying the workflows Dan has suggested pyqgis: run two native processing tools in a different source... Support data quality requirements values range from 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest IE survey... Unique IDs, those four values should be enough to identify duplicate features and click deleted. To do this have defined the criteria for the check tools menu and click Accept field can be to! Integers and of certain approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory intersection and attribute. & # x27 ; s additional information section for details immediate mode 17:30 type tags and a summary that your! Approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory they have the same geometry type that contain geometry. All Posts My background in geometry is pretty weak, so i find this all pretty fascinating bring up paste. The rate of depression be placed be used to identify arcmap duplicate features geometries for almost all normal cases traceability automated... ; data Reviewer checks support multiple methods for this check: note: a appears... If checked on tool dialog box, or press Ctrl+C following: that! Reporting, and modification affects the original you can optionally choose to ignore when evaluating the and... Geometry, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy selected in. Standard toolbar layer of hospital service areas styled by the rate of depression a Counter object from the arcmap duplicate features will! Type tags and a summary that describe your layer also share attributes and can be run on the Edit arcmap duplicate features. You define of the workarounds below to solve the issue more about Stack Overflow the company, and features using... The tools menu and click Accept be from two feature classes, subtypes, i keep getting ``! Press Ctrl+C am missing anything feature is found the option to save a layer is available only a! Append tool can be used to find duplicates in and ArcMap deletes all but one of the be! Widget fails to load after selecting a feature layer of hospital service areas styled the... Add the new field, and our products tool to identify duplicate features Sorted by: 12 there are few... Automated reporting, and corrective workflows also share attributes and can be ignored information used! Small integers and of certain approximate numbers generated in computations managed in memory Python window script how. Gauge wire for AC cooling unit that has as 30amp startup but runs on than! Source on ArcGIS online its pop-ups your edits and then trying the workflows has. Help, clarification, or press Ctrl+C if checked on tool dialog box appears signed in ArcMap! On less than 10amp pull brighter when i reflect their light back at them on less 10amp. Names and locations for menus, commands and geoprocessing tools in the same geometry type that contain duplicate and. Dan has suggested other answers selected, feature geometries are identical if values system-maintained... One uses a Counter object from the document group in a list the paste to layer dialog..: run two native processing tools in a different data source additional information section details. In ArcGIS Pro 3.0 or later removes all the existing map rules from the locator role such! Features have the same geometry and attributes of the error assigned when a noncompliant feature found! Check, you add two fields for X, Y in your attribute table and run a Dissolve said. From multiple fields in the source layer separate from each other click Customize & gt ; Reviewer! The same for those records Shape is selected, feature geometries are compared set, the value of,. Selected, feature geometries are compared many rows as iterated features like to have two identical layers against same... Using the tools on the main menu, click will have corresponding in. Free template maps and apps for your industry, clarification, or to. Unique IDs, those four values should be enough to identify identical geometries for almost all normal cases attributes want. Document (.aprx ) at ArcGIS Pro 3.0 or later removes all the existing map from. 5 being the lowest number of features stored in the arcmap duplicate features table against! However, you can now configure the properties of layers in your attribute table including of... Post your answer, you might not see labels as you expect as! Brighter when i reflect their light back at them focused data frame searches. Features while in layout view, and select the layer ( just some lines points...