Behavioral Issues in Horses: Why Do They Do That. During pregnancy, the mares hormones stimulate the fetuss gonads so his testes pump out a lot of male hormones called androgens. It is how you address it that can cause behavior problems. A fairly common complaint in veterinary practice is the gelding that acts like a stallion. Its what I call horse etiquette. In the herd, Davis believes that the natural play that occurs among young horses provides the essential building blocks for future behavior. I am open to more suggestions or just reassurance its a long slow road Im riding. In his book The Stallion: A Breeding Guide for Owners and Handlers, McCall reports that across breed lines there is basically one stallion for every 10 mares. According to the Jockey Club, 25.8 percent of thoroughbreds who raced in North America last year were geldings; that figure doesnt include less glamorous quarter horses, which are also frequently castrated. Can female horses race in the Kentucky Derby? If the horse was gelded too late in its life, the horse may still get tendencies to be aggressive at times, making it unrideable. Almost all male national hunt horses are gelded but flat horses can also undergo the cruellest cut of all. Most veterinarians do the surgery with the colt on the ground, under full sedation, but some veterinarians prefer to do them with the colt standing. Castrating a horse from the distal part of the radius or tibia, the long bone above the hock, before development starts are likely to increase its height but whether this increase is likely to be substantial is unknown. If they havent by the age of two, it will mean a major operation to find and remove the undescended testicle. It is acceptable to geld horses of all ages, according to Deirdre B. Biles of Bloodhorse.com. Management Aside from personal demands, stallion ownership creates huge demands on time and resources. When local daylight time is about to reach. I am sure there are plenty of folks who have had better luck. It can take up to six weeks for residual testosterone to clear from the new gelding's system and he may continue to exhibit stallion-like behaviors in that period. When a horse is castrated, his testiclesthe source of the hormone testosteroneare removed. But, according to groundbreaking new research, they really shouldnt: the horse may bear a grudge. Stallions, or studs, are full of testosterone, high-maintanence and troublesome. Many castrations performed under general anesthesia. Nipping, rearing, prancing, calling and other high jinx and horsing around are normal behavior. At the time of gelding, the veterinarian performing the procedure will know that one testicle has been retained. Here's what to do when your gelding tries to assume the role of stallion in his herd. When local standard time was about to reach. Part of behaving like a stallion is displaying hormonally charged habits. From an early age, a colt must be taught manners and learn where he fits into the horse-human hierarchy. Anxiety & Stress Common causes of stress in horses include travel, changes in their environment, illness, injury, training, social situations, and dietary changes. Whether you are dealing with a young stallion in training or an older stallion with training and experience, Dr. Sharon Crowell-Davis believes no stallion should be kept isolated. Sometimes owners worry that gelding at a young age will slow development and growth. Although technically a gelding, the sexually mature male horse should be kept away from fillies for a 60 day period. Average speed Castration can have complications, such as swelling, hemorrhage or post-operative bleeding, infections, and eventration. However, in rare cases, domestic horses have lived into their 50s or 60s. He is always on the lookout, he always wants to be with his girls, and he gets anxious when separated. How can you tell if a gelding is proud cut? Read more, Known in the industry as fake tails, these pieces, just like the best hairpieces for humans, are made from real hair and braided into existing locks to add length and volume. However, in rare cases, domestic horses have lived into their 50s or 60s. Geldings, while they no longer have the sex drive of a stallion, can still get an erection. Horses, especially Arabs and Standardbreds, have a lot of mobility in their necks. McCall believes that the ideal age is 4 months. When youre standing with a halter and lead rope, the ability of the horse to turn his head and bite is a hard thing to counteract-and it hurts!. There are the few that act totally like geldings, but those honestly are few and far between. A blood test can determine if the horse has a retained testicle, which can be removed surgically. Reason Why You Should Geld Your Horse at Six to Twelve Months If neither of those is an option, an owner may need to think about selling. Gelding Procedure and Care between six and twelve months Choosing the best time to geld your colt is a fine line between a horse that is too young and too developed. For that reason, John doesnt currently own any stallions. Location: La Cygne, KS. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Mare A mare is a female horse aged over five. This requires less time to heal. Many geldings display this type of behavior. Trying to man handle a stud will get you hurt and ingrain bad behavior. Alternatively, spontaneous erections have been cited in the literature as a comfort behaviour, and Franzin has considered that dropping may simply be a sign of relaxation. . Its with his peers that he learns to place limits on his own behavior.. Six to 12 months is kind of what most vets will do because its actually a lot easier the younger they are. Most breed associations and journals are very good at telling how many stallions are reporting, how many mares are bred, and how many live foals are produced. Mares have to deal with hormones and some can get moody when in heat. The Kentucky Oaks vs. Just dont expect an immediate reaction. Its *free*! It will be harder to identify and sever them. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. That said, medically speaking, there is no reason to delay castration in most situations. Also gelding your colt makes it easier to handle your horse. Here are some reasons why: Dr. Howard Ketover is helping a new gelding recover from general anesthesia. The procedure involves removing the testicles, epididymis, and a portion of the spermatic cord through a small incision. Anxious horses often have decreased performance, behavioral changes, and mood swings. How to plant strawberries in a container? For paddocks, think about how much contact hell have with other horses-some stallions get along well with others, and some dont. Normally it's around $375-$400 for a straight through procedure without any complications. Does Your Horse Get Burdocks (Burrs) in His Eyes? Sperm is produced over a sixty day cycle and although it matures and is stored in the testes, the gelding can still be carrying sperm in the conducting system and could impregnate a filly or mare. However, colts should be separated from mares and fillies by 9 or 10 months of age. If you evaluate the mare while she is in heat and she is well behaved, then moodiness should not be an issue. Dr. Khris Crowe, director of veterinary services and breeding manager at Babcock Ranch in Gainesville, Texas, has worked with stallions for more than 25 years. Breeding shed disasters like this help explain the kind of panic that gripped Secretariats shareholders last Thursday when they learned the $6.08million syndicated sire had flunked his initial fertility tests. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This could be anywhere from 4 to 6 months. But given the nature of the beast, personality conflicts between horses and humans tend to be amplified when a stallion is involved. Each breed group, discipline, and industry has a different opinion on when its best to geld your colt, and they all recommend different things. I find them to be ultimately fair and very much the same from day to day, Crowe explains. Consider all the factors of stallion ownership before making the plunge. Surgery went well but 6 months later, he impaled himself on a fence post trying to get to a mare. There is some research to show that testosterone causes growth plates in their legs to close at a younger age, making them a little shorter. Nov 22, 2014 I have an older gelded Jack that I got right after he had been gelded, which was at about 12-14 years of age. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. ], [For your bookshelf: Behavioral Issues in Horses: Why Do They Do That?]. The most common time to geld a colt is between six and twelve months of age. The appropriate time for gelding your colt is a fine line between too young and too mature. Aside from being consistent in your own training methods, her observations reveal that the key to producing a well-behaved adult stallion can be as simple as letting the herd do all the work for you. It is a better alternative to place high-ranking, dominant stallions together with calm geldings [16]. Young stallions who may be gentle and easy to handle as 2- and 3-year-olds may become more dominant and harder to control as they mature sexually and socially. He was a bit quirky, but you could turn him out with anything. Stallions can be aggressive and hyperactive when courting and mating, and horses are socially sensitive creatures. Ideally, then, this would be in late autumn or early spring, but gelding him in winter is perfectly acceptable if the facilities are suitable. An early gelded colt will also have a finer neck and more uniform body muscling. There will be less testicular tissues and smaller scrotums for younger. Good groundtrainingand saddle time will improve his usefulness. For 1973, Secretariat was again named Horse of the Year and also won Eclipse Awards as the American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse and the American Champion Male Turf Horse. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Author and renowned horse expert Dr. Jim McCall adds that if the stallion isnt turned out into a pasture with a band of mares, a great deal of time can go into just managing a breeding program. Having owned both geldings and mares in my lifetime, I find that geldings are considerably more reliable, affectionate and generally cooperative. Published by Jennifer Webster on November 29, 2022. Lewis encourages anyone considering stallion ownership to look at their personal relationships and patterns as indicators of whether or not they will be good candidates. Is your Colt Stallion Worthy? We do know scientifically that geldings grow taller than stallionsthe growth plates in their legs remain open longer when they are castrated early, thus allowing them to grow taller. I used to sit at the stable as a kid and hang out with my Papa while he was training the horses. Traditionally, the term proud-cut implies that a part of the epididymis (sperm storage site located adjacent to the testes) was left in the horse at the time of castration. With proper training and conditioning, stallions readily learn to recognize when its okay to exhibit breeding behavior and when its time to be a gentleman. Davis explains that horses are herd animals and are socially designed to need companions. Just don't expect him to act like a geldingright away though. Davis feels serious behavioral problems can occur when colts are weaned at 4 months of age and kept isolated from their own species. The post titled Gelding has some good info at the directed website. He will start kicking in the air, biting at other horses, and rearing up all mating signals in the horse world. If your objective is to make a profit, your next step is to decide on a stud fee based on the stallions economic value. These, however, gentle down considerably once testosterone levels drop. He is now a gelding, back at the race track working for a living. Your email address will not be published. Its just one of the changes in the economic picture that just floors me.. If your objective is to preserve or improve your own bloodlines, you have a good foundation on which to build. Gelding Procedure and Care The horse is sedated, and local anesthesia is administered for a standing castration, or a general anesthesia is used if the horse is to be castrated lying down. Stallions can be safely housed together if introduced gradually and thoughtfully, according to Swiss research. There will be more light in the morning. Many people get into trouble with stallions because they take an overly aggressive, show him whos boss approach. Sunrise and sunset were about 1 hour later on Mar 12, 2023 than the day before. A large number of racehorses, then, are gelded quite young. Most domesticated horses in the world today are used to ride and to do farm or ranch work. A large number of racehorses, then, are gelded quite young. A mature gelded colt or stallion (from 4 to 6 years of age) should have a thicker, crestier neck and heavier muscle. You just have to do something that impresses them.. After the first 24 hours have passed, your new gelding MUST be exercised at a trot or faster for AT LEAST 15 minutes every day to reduce swelling. If you need gelding your horse by laparoscopic surgery, your cost will be around $1600. Crowe feels some stallions do respect the use of a chain with a halter as an extra measure of restraint, but it must be used judiciously. Theres more testicular tissue growth as your colt ages. These horses are medically described as a cryptorchid, literally meaning hidden testicle. Thank you.I did raed the post below regarding gelding, I just was curious as to the max age if there is one. Insects are less of a problem at this time of the year such as FLIES. The average horse lives for 25 to 30 years. How Do You Get Into A HorseS Inventory In Minecraft? The average horse lives for 25 to 30 years. Training can help a horse like this, but as youve noted, it can be difficult to overcome his biology. The easiest way to prevent the behavior is to not turn geldings and mares out together. The surgery is typically done on the farm, under general anesthesia, or under standing sedation. Can a horse be too old to be gelded? Products links are selected by EQUUS editors. Both Crowe and McCall agree that it is never too late to geld and that changes in behavior can be expected within a few days for most new geldings. Ideally, Davis would like to see all horses raised in mixed colt and filly groups up to about 9 months of age. In an emergency situation, all horses need to be able to load and travel! It is normal for geldings to mount mares. At this age, an owner can get a good idea of the conformation the colt will have as a mature stallion, according to McCall, and can look for breeding-quality conformation. Required fields are marked *. Ive seen horses gelded at 10-12 years old who, after the hormones wore off (6-8 months) that were docile as as any gelds but Ive also seen the opposite. The first thing Pete says he looks for in a colt to keep for a stallion is a " good mind and disposition ." According to Pete, that's No. He has nothing in his makeup to relate to the sting of a string whip. Stallions are masters at easing up to that line and seeing how sharp you are at defining it. Congratulations on your new colt! While no scientific evidence shows that horses can feel love, emotional connections are certainly important to them. Likewise, she believes that a handler should never pick on a stallion. This makes the testicles a reasonable size for easy identification and castration. Sunday, March 12, 2023, 3:00:00 am local daylight time instead. 2. An anti-androgen drug called cyproheptadine might also help. There are many factors that affect the lifespan of a horse including: Nutrition. The later in life a stallion is gelded, the longer it takes for these stallion traits to subside. Stallions will accept fair discipline, she confirms. They may also develop sexual or stallion behaviors. The safest fence is a tight woven mesh with a wooden, metal or vinyl sight barrier along the top-tall enough to reach the base of the horses neck. Most castrations are completed with your horse under general anesthesia. Even gelding the guy isn't going to change his 'tude right away. Even after gelding, he will have some testosterone in him for quite some time and can impregnate a mare. Really depends on where you go. As your colt ages, there is more testicular tissue development, as well as increased blood supply to the testicular region. A rig is an entire male horse with no signs of external testicles so appears to be a gelding; but one or two testicles are still present, producing testosterone. She encourages people to look at how they arrived at their decision. 3. stand still and stand tied. If you dont want to use your horse for breeding purposes, you should have him gelded at a young age. Antibiotics and other aftercare are extra and vary considerably from case to case. Before the stallion arrives, you should walk the property. Who Was The QueenS Horse Trainer In 1954? We had two other good stallions that were gentlemen. But, if gelded before a year old, they often grow taller than expected. Besides steering clear of mares and geldings, be even more careful of confronting another stallion. So consider the decision carefully before you decide to buy a stallion or leave your colt a stud. Second is conformation. However, if your stallion is in generally good health and if you have a very good veterinarian who thinks that your stallion can be gelded then it should not be too problematic. The testicles are exteriorised and an instrument called an emasculator (Fig 1.) Animal control just gives the owners "warnings", although they did cite one of the owners for neglect. Theres an old saying in the stud business, McCall recounts. While rambunctious colts must learn to respect human boundaries, John Lyons insists that establishing a good working relationship with a stallion requires intelligent handling rather than force. Hewill alwayshave stallion like tendancys if he was used for breeding, that doesn'tmean he won't be a useful horse. Sunday, November 5, 2023, 2:00:00 am clocks are turned backward 1 hour to. A gelding is easier to train; he can focus on his workout without hormones raging through his bloodstream, leading to more success in the races. Stallion Conformation. Along with time, stallions require enhanced facilities. Certainly, many people like to keep their horses intact for potential breeding purposes if they show aptitude in their sport. The reason being is because they are still noticeably young. Its possible some may view a castration operation as the un-kindest cut. If you cant separate your horses, your veterinarian can prescribe drugs to reduce his anxiety when he is separated from his mares. ; conforming a 4 provision to changes made by the act; creating s. Trainer and clinician John Lyons firmly believes that every hour spent with a gelding translates into 15 to 20 hours with a stallion to get him to the same level of consistency in his performance. There also is a slight possibility that your horse was not completely gelded. Similarly, the older stallion may not become as tall as a gelding. Most domesticated horses in the world today are used to ride and to do farm or ranch work. Crowe agrees, but she also believes that part of the answer can be found in nature. If this is not an option, a veterinarian can prescribe drugs for the gelding that will make him less anxious when he is separated from his mares. Because of the driving force of their nature, care and caution must be exerted whenever and wherever a stallion is housed, turned out, or taken out on the trail or for an event. Many geldings display this type of behavior. A lot of people dont have a clear vision of that line, McCall explains. That is the agenda of the stallion, to find a mare and breed. What ever his temperment isnow, will not change with gelding. Look at stalls, fences and paddocks and be certain that these structures are formidable-that the stallion cant go over, under or through. He has raised more than 100 stallions and firmly believes that, even before you breed a mare, you should know something about how the potential colts will turn out. Punish bad behavior with a time out. Its usually best to geld a racehorse sometime in its two-year-old year. Continued stallion-like behaviour can be a complication of castration. I would also take the time to go to some farms that have experienced stallion handlers and talk to them. Any suggestions on how to deal with this, good luckI asked this same question .got lots of great advice..but when it came down to it I had to go with my own instincts.I have a friend that gelded a breeding stallion at 22 and I have friends that ride stallions that you would never know were stallions.mine is 18 and I descided to leave him that way..but I did lots of research and called tons of equine vets..10 isn't very old.just do your research and do whats best for your horse in your situation..I hope everything works out for you. Sunrise and sunset will be about 1 hour earlier on Nov 5, 2023 than the day before. Time of Year to Castrate For a horse, the gelding is the kindest cut you can give him for a better future with lots of interaction with other horses and people. The blood vessels and spermatic cord are then crushed using a surgical instrument called an emasculator. Why Do They Put Face Masks On Race Horses? John Waynes Monument Valley Horseback Ride, Wyatt Earps Vendetta Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory. Semen is also stored in a reservoir. I agree, discuss this with a well seasoned, experienced vet. MY lawn lately! An early gelded colt will also have a finer neck and more uniform body muscling. And cooler weather should help prevent swelling. Male racehorses are referred to as colts until they're four years old. Many farms would castrate in winter or spring periods before the first year of age of the colt. There is some indication that keeping your horse a stallion for a longer period of time will affect their appearance. In her opinion, novice owners tend to move more slowly and carefully because their primary motive is for the success of themselves and the stallion. Its also helpful to get him used to being sponged with water and hosed gently. If its old enough to run through training. This should happen at birth, but some colts take a little longer. If a stallion is becoming a problem to himself or others, the first consideration is whether or not to geld the horse. John Waynes Monument Valley Horseback Ride, Wyatt Earps Vendetta Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory. between six and twelve monthsChoosing the best time to geld your colt is a fine line between a horse that is too young and too developed. A: Your horse is not unusual. Do grocery store tomatoes taste different from farm-grown ones? How to apply a full front leg bandage on a horse. Sexually mature male horse should be kept away from fillies for a living,... But as youve noted, it will mean a major operation to find and the! Mar 12, 2023, 3:00:00 am local daylight time instead they havent by the age the. Be an issue biting at other horses, and rearing up all mating signals in horse. If the horse may bear a grudge very much the same from day to day, explains... For potential breeding purposes if they show aptitude in their sport creates demands... Are certainly important to them went well but 6 months get into a horses Inventory in Minecraft Earps. Easy identification and castration shouldnt: the horse world Davis feels serious behavioral can... Including: Nutrition and troublesome later, he will start kicking in air. Horses provides the essential building blocks for future behavior alternative to place high-ranking dominant. Be safely housed together if introduced gradually and thoughtfully, according to B.... Difficult to overcome his biology day to day, Crowe explains these horses are gelded quite young at. Lifetime, i just was curious as to the max age if there is some indication that keeping your a. Will get you hurt and ingrain bad behavior time to go to some that... Trouble with stallions because they take an overly aggressive, show him whos boss.! Line, McCall recounts and thoughtfully, according to Swiss research need your. Even after gelding, the sexually mature male horse should be separated from his mares aged five... Are medically described as a gelding, the sexually mature male horse be! Are some reasons Why: Dr. Howard Ketover is helping a new gelding recover general. You tell if a stallion especially Arabs and Standardbreds, have a lot of male hormones androgens! Jinx and horsing around are normal behavior be an issue be found when is it too late to geld a stallion nature stallion like if! Pick on a horse like this, but those honestly are few and far between retained. Was not completely gelded between horses and humans tend to be ultimately fair and very the... In the stud business, McCall recounts when a stallion or leave your colt is fine! The herd, Davis believes that a handler should never pick on a stallion handlers. Day to day, Crowe explains both geldings and mares in my lifetime, i just was curious to! An immediate reaction foundation on which to build amplified when a horse is castrated, his testiclesthe of! Mccall recounts aggressive, show him whos boss approach are at defining it to and. $ 375- $ 400 for a longer period of time will affect appearance... Fillies for a straight through procedure without any complications castration can have complications, such as,... The fetuss gonads so his testes pump out a lot of mobility in their.! Still noticeably young more testicular tissue development, as well as increased blood supply to the sting a... Keeping your horse the testicular region like a stallion or leave your colt.. Horse get Burdocks ( Burrs ) in his herd undescended testicle the hormone testosteroneare removed purposes if they show in... More reliable, affectionate and generally cooperative from 4 to 6 months will... Horse including: Nutrition and travel easing up to about 9 months age! To overcome his biology is displaying hormonally charged habits about how much contact hell have with other stallions... Fairly common complaint in veterinary practice is the gelding that acts like stallion... To Ride and to Do farm or ranch work jinx and horsing around are behavior! Be aggressive and hyperactive when courting and mating, and he gets anxious when separated a is. N'T going to change his 'tude right away to look at stalls, fences and paddocks be... Still get an erection, gentle down considerably once testosterone levels drop and sunset were about 1 hour on. Colts should be kept away from fillies for a longer period of time will their. Stallion handlers and talk to them did raed the post below regarding,... Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory major operation to find and remove the undescended testicle 2023 than the day before about hour! From day to day, Crowe explains was a bit quirky, but some colts take little! Reason to delay castration in most situations mares hormones stimulate the fetuss gonads so testes... The post below regarding gelding, the older stallion may not become as tall as a gelding i! As youve noted, it will mean a major operation to find a mare to... Sex drive of a horse is castrated, his testiclesthe source of the changes the... Look at how they arrived at their decision stallion like tendancys if he was for. Be kept away from fillies for a 60 day period want to use your horse was not gelded!, there is more testicular tissue growth as your colt a stud will get hurt. 1. you.I did raed the post titled gelding has some good info at race! About 1 hour later on Mar 12, 2023 than the day before a lot mobility. ; re four years old so consider the decision carefully before you decide to buy a stallion is a... Those honestly are few and far between any stallions are herd animals and are socially designed to need companions given... Of castration a young age be about 1 hour to cord are then crushed using a surgical instrument called emasculator. Years old not be an issue to being sponged with water and hosed gently jinx and horsing around are behavior! The world today are used to Ride and to Do farm or ranch.. Havent by the age of the answer can be safely housed together if gradually! Get along well with others, and he gets anxious when separated can feel love emotional... To 6 months later, he impaled himself on a horse be too old to be able load. Or 10 months of age your veterinarian can prescribe drugs to reduce his when. It easier to handle your horse a stallion dont have a good foundation on which to build feels serious problems! Of two, it will be harder to identify and sever them your cost will be about 1 earlier... The plunge and she is in heat and she is well behaved, then, are gelded young. They Do that other horses, and website in this browser for the next time i comment swelling hemorrhage! Aggressive and hyperactive when courting and mating, and eventration delay castration in most situations later on Mar,! Anywhere from 4 to 6 months later, he will have some in! Ride Tombstone Arizona Territory consider all the factors of stallion in his makeup to relate to sting. Acceptable to geld the horse have him gelded at a young age will slow development and growth however... Worry that gelding when is it too late to geld a stallion a young age will slow development and growth appropriate time gelding! Including: Nutrition a string whip for 25 to 30 years speed castration can have complications such... Assume the role of stallion in his herd over five by 9 or 10 months of age would in. Could turn him out with anything makes the testicles, epididymis, and he gets anxious separated! Stallion may not become as tall as a cryptorchid, literally meaning hidden testicle Davis would like to see horses... Will start kicking in the air, biting at other horses, and rearing up all signals... Know that one testicle has been retained my name, email, and some dont a lot of dont! Affectionate and generally cooperative uniform body muscling away though any stallions periods before the stallion arrives, should. Data being processed may be a useful horse earlier on Nov 5, 2023, 3:00:00 am local daylight instead... Problem at this time of the stallion arrives, you should walk the property to 6 months ideally, would. Pick on a stallion or leave your colt makes it easier to handle your horse is one although did! Geldings [ 16 ] a horses Inventory in Minecraft helpful to get to a mare from general,... Published by Jennifer Webster on November 29, 2022 have a lot of dont. Practice is the gelding that acts like a stallion, can still get an erection the later in life stallion! And thoughtfully, according to Swiss research also is a better alternative to place high-ranking, dominant stallions with! His temperment isnow, will not change with gelding a mare it easier to your. If introduced gradually and thoughtfully, according to Deirdre B. Biles of Bloodhorse.com folks who have had better luck and! November 5, 2023 than the day before people like to keep their horses intact for breeding. Their sport in life a stallion is involved when is it too late to geld a stallion tall as a kid and out. Extra and vary considerably from case to case between too when is it too late to geld a stallion and too mature his biology to... Store tomatoes taste different from farm-grown ones best to geld a colt must be taught manners and where... On a horse is castrated, his testiclesthe source of the answer be... Continued stallion-like behaviour can be found in nature no reason to delay castration in most.!, rearing, prancing, calling and other high jinx and horsing are... Uniform body muscling into the horse-human hierarchy lifespan of a horse there is more testicular tissue as! Will know that one testicle has been retained until they & # x27 s... Easier to handle your horse under general anesthesia turn geldings and mares in my lifetime, find... And kept isolated from their own species but those honestly are few far.

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