Sometimes they have a shiny appearance as well. Cedar is more affordable and durable, but Hemlock looks better. Interesting post covering a lot of species and varieties. The fruit of this tree is a cone. Both are lightweight and inexpensive so anyone should be able to fit them in their budget. The hang in the same pendulous manner as the branches. It is light and bright in color, varying from a creamy, nearly white to a light, straw-red color. When soils prove to be too nutrient deficient for other evergreens, pitch pine is a good choice. How to Identify Cottonwood Trees. The branches have a tendency to be thin and lace-like. The bark begins as reddish-brown then becomes nearly black. In addition, the western hemlock smells sour like the poisonous hemlock plant. The best thing about mulching is that it keeps weeds from taking over the garden . Fir trees - nine types grow wild in North America - belong to the genus Abies, while the four North American hemlock species are part of the Tsuga genus. The cones are large and long. I give my consent to receive periodic emails. Spruce trees often feature a perfect pyramidal form. Let it drain, then fill in the rest of the way and press it down firmly. This pest is an unfortunately common identification feature. It is easily distinguishable by its irregular, feathery needles that are smaller and softer than Douglas Fir needles, with a blunt tip. In mulch form, cedar is either shredded or chipped. Im looking for a tree that looks like some kind of evergreen. Hemlock can have twisty spiraled grain and is not as stable as cedar. The Leyland Cypress can handle the heat. As an example of the latter, the fruit of some junipers is a key ingredient in gin. Hemlock is stronger and can withstand scratches, dents, and impacts, but it is not suitable for outdoor use as it is vulnerable to pests and moisture. The bark of this tree grows in ridges and is reddish-brown. You can unsubscribe at any time. If you are planning on building something around the home, then there is rarely a better material to use than solid wood. Prune in winter. Heartwood of old-growth timber is one of the most decay-resistant woods; new-growth timber is moderately resistant to decay. Douglas fir is the best firewood around. While being extremely large, western red cedar is also long-lived. This tree is a type of softwood, although it can be somewhat hard. The main difference between the three woods for sauna manufacturers really comes down to only few characteristics that narrow our choices for infrared sauna construction, crushing strength, shrinkage, average dried weight, working properties & toxicity. White fir is a victim of the wooly adelgid but not to the same degree as the Canadian hemlock. Today, we will compare two softwoods, Hemlock and Cedar, to help you figure out which wood would be better for your project. Because cedar mulch has natural oils in the wood that repel insects, it's the perfect choice for wood mulch, especially in areas where termites are common. In many regions, they are one of the primary species comprising the forest. Hemlock is a stronger wood than cedar, and it resists decay. It shares a similar appearance with eastern white cedar and western red cedar. When it comes to comparing treated wood vs. cedar, pressure-treated wood is the sturdier and more weather-proof of the two. Scatter the hemlock seeds over the surface. You are on our newsletter list! The branches below droop downward, the branches above reach more towards the sky. Most of the other conifer essential oils from the Pinaceae family are distilled from the needles and twigs of the tree, and thus doesn't require the entire tree to be cut down. Areas of the full sun are not ideal, but the tree may still survive.This tree is very responsive to pruning. Overall, evergreen trees are reliable. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I want to inspire you to live seasonally, become more self sufficient, and protect your health. Im sorry, Im not very familiar with the edible conifer tree species in South Africa. The mid-level branches are stiff, growing horizontally to the ground. It often has a thin central leader that sticks straight up out of the canopy like a spire. Use pruning to thin branches as needed. New spring growth at the tips of branches are brown or whitish and scaly, sometimes called candles.. The foliage is not aromatic, and does not have a lot of resin. Copyright 2023 House Grail. In aggregate, they create a wooly appearance. Doug Fir is one of my favorite scents too! That way, you can determine which one of these will work best for your project. Cedar Mulch. Douglas-fir trees are popular as Christmas trees, and are also a popular tree for foraging. However, it is capable of becoming a small tree, reaching heights around 30. Despite this major issue, Canadian hemlock is a very attractive evergreen tree. Now that you have some general knowledge about evergreen trees, its time to learn about some of the best species. It often is scaly with flakes falling off as the trunk expands. In areas of extreme sunlight and heat the leaves can turn brown at times. At maturity, these trees can reach around 75 tall. First of all, mulch is technically defined as any plant material that's put in the soil that surrounds your plants. You will also get to know how to identify, plant, and care for these trees. Their needles are usually stiff and sharp. The eastern hemlock is not the largest of trees, as it typically grows to a diameter of 3 and 100 tall. And because hemlock is thermally modified in a vacuum kiln, the results are very impressive. Youll find that evergreen trees have differences in texture, shape, and color. I also have a post on foraging for conifer needles for further reading. There are a few broadleaf evergreens on this list. Because of its colorful foliage, blue spruce makes for a great specimen tree. These leaves along with their red fruits are a well-known symbol of the winter holidays in the United States. On the other hand, Cedar is flammable and needs a lot of maintenance, which can be inconvenient. The Taxaceae, or Yew family of conifers are highly toxic and should be avoided. The hemlock tree features a straight grain, although it may at times be spiraled or interlocked. . The main difference is hemlock trees have a white underside, and this species of yew is evenly green on both sides. Eastern white cedar typically has a single trunk and a conical form. Amazing information. Hemlock Identification: Difference Between Fir And Hemlock. Red cedar can adapt to a wide range of soil types. You can also trim white pine as a hedge. In the past, the trunks made for good ship masts. is not a true fir tree. Their dense evergreen foliage effectively blocks both sight and wind. They are also a common feature of some classical gardens. After a few years, John began offering freelance design services. Wow. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Very informative, thank you. They have different ideal uses, so depending on the project, you should be able to make your choice. American holly branches close to the ground and has a cylindrical to pyramidal shape. It tends to maintain one consistent form. It remains popular today growing in the United States where the climate is similar to the plants native range. Like American holly, English holly needs acidic soil and limited sunlight. Im seeing if maybe there is a good chance to ask him when hes already outside. This vibrant blue stands out all year round as it gives a stark contrast to the greens offered by other species. Eastern white pine has needles that are long, soft, and green with a slight blue tint. Many of these trees grow too large mature sizes as well. First, we have cedar, which is a large evergreen tree that can be found in Canada and the USA, mainly in the Pacific Northwest. The difference between the foliage of these two species is in the feel. Copyright 2023 Grow Forage Cook Ferment & Cocos Creations LLC. Cedar is a commonly used type of wood for boxes, tools, canoes, canoe paddles, totem poles, and outdoor furniture. They are tender and can be added to food or used to make spruce tip beer. Conifers are evergreen trees with needles or scales as their leaves. Choosing between types of evergreen trees is like selecting any other type of plant. Yellow-cedar seedlings and the three dominant tree species (yellow-cedar, western hemlock and mountain hemlock) showed significant deviation from spatial randomness with each other at multiple lags, though the direction was not consistent (Table S1). Trim the tips of the branches in winter when the plant is dormant. Hemlock. It is softer than hemlock. Now, we will discuss the differences between bark mulch and wood chips. Western hemlock is the largest of any hemlock tree. Colorado's major tree species include bristlecone pine, Colorado blue spruce, Douglas-fir, Engelmann spruce, limber pine, lodgepole pine, narrowleaf cottonwood, quaking aspen, pion pine, plains cottonwood, ponderosa pine, Rocky Mountain juniper, subalpine fir and white fir. I recommend getting a really good tree identification book for your area. Cover the seeds with about 1/2 inch of soil and water until the soil is thoroughly moist. ). Its general form is somewhat loose but pyramidal. On the other hand, Cedar is flammable and needs a lot of maintenance, which can be inconvenient. Winter is when evergreens stand out. It is pale in color and naturally develop a richer appearance over time. Pitch Pine is a good option for poor soils. It is common in cool coastal locations. Norway spruce is another good option for a privacy screen. Steven Feil. Cedar comes in at just 350 lbf on the Janka hardness scale, whereas hemlock comes in at 500 lbf. Hardness. 2 - red pine. In this role, he led many successful projects in Berkshire County, MA. However, it can also grow as a part of a mass planting for privacy or wind screening. These bracts are unlike those of any other conifer. This species of pine has served a variety of uses throughout time. We just moved to a new home, and we have so many conifers around us. 20 Types Of Tropical Flowering Plants That Will Grow Almost Anywhere, 20 Super Easy to Grow Flowers for First-Time Gardeners, Watering Tomatoes: When, How Much & how often To Water you tomato plants, 10 Tall Skinny Trees for Small Landscapes And Narrow Garden Spaces. Poplar is a clean wood and is best for chemically sensitive people. Cedar trees may be best known for the fact that they produce great wood for construction. Before purchasing a certain wood type, you should be familiar with its properties. The Pinaceae family is very large and contains some of the most commonly foraged conifers, such as pine, fir, Douglas-fir, spruce, hemlock, and true cedars. I will talk about this more in the next two sections on juniper and aborvitae. Know How to Spot the Difference! . The wood of this tree is rot-resistant making it useful in construction. I am afraid of toxic species, is there any particular way we can identify these? Cedars are highly aromatic and are often used for their scent in aromatherapy and to repel bugs and moths. How to Tell the Difference Between Cedars and Junipers. The surface of hemlock is generally quite rough and coarse and paint cannot absorb into that evenly. The soil range for this plant can vary in ph. Hemlock wood grain is even. But most popular broadleaf evergreens are shrubs rather than trees. Expect fruits to attract birds in winter. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) has scaly bark that resembles puzzle pieces. When we mention Hemlock, its important to mention the two most common species in the USAthe Eastern Hemlock and the Western Hemlock. That foliage consists of bright-green scale-like needles. In color, this foliage is often a grayish-green. It can grow in low-lying coastal areas as well as higher mountain elevations. They are referenced in classical literature. Mountain hemlock trees grow in the same range as Western hemlocks. It soars to extreme heights. Eastern white pine is one of the most prominent trees in the eastern United States. Above all, these trees are dependable for their color and texture even in the most barren winter climates. They have a leathery texture and an undulating margin. Thanks again! Hemlock, when cultivated into lumber is hardy and will last a lifetime. Douglas fir is much easier to get started In your wood stove than oak and a lot easier on your saw. This tree has a dense branching habit. Im not really familiar with your area so you may want to consult a tree identification book for Nevada. While these fictional trees dont exist in real life, there are some tree species that have a unique and whimsical appearance that might be similar to what youre looking for. Unlike redwood trees, cedar trees also have small berries that grow in clusters. The short needles appear in regular intervals along each branch. Learn more. Some other common pine species in the United States and Canada are: Those are just a select few, as this is a huge genus! The majority of evergreen trees have needles. #2. It has little to no disease problems. Sorry! I just read an article regarding pine trees that a lot of what people think are pine, are not. What do you think about canning the syrup for shelf stability? After knowing about growing requirements, you next need to know the role your evergreen tree will play on your property. Another technique botanists use to distinguish the false species is to hyphenate or run together their common names. Like every other wood type, Hemlock has advantages and disadvantages which we want to point out, so check them out below: Cedar is cheaper than Hemlock, and it typically costs $5 to $9 per square foot. The berries are a bluish-green color and are generally not dangerous. Bark Mulches are more expensive than colored mulches because bark is a small percentage of the mass of the tree, making it less available. However, it lacks the white lines apparent on the undersides of hemlock . The canopy then tapers to a sharp point at the top. We've been exploring a lot of medicinal trees around here lately, and it seemed high time to clarify some differences between spruce, pine, and fir, some top trees to forage for medicinal ingredients. Anticipate an enormous mature height. Leave the area alone until spring. But you will find that they have many other uses in the landscape as well. Its Latin name means false hemlock, so its not a hemlock tree either, but its own genus all together. These trees grow between an average height of 80 to 100 feet or about 24 to 30 meters. Cedar, hemlock, basswood and poplar are the most often used woods for saunas. This includes variation in ph and moisture. Pine needle tea can be canned, but it would be easier to dry your pine needles and make the syrup when youre ready to use it. It has very soft, short (1) needles in clumps of 10+ at roughly 1/4 intervals all along soft branches. The needles grow around the branch. As a result it will last much longer in the landscape. The needles of blue spruce are stiff and sharp. There are also a few species in Asia. Varieties used in landscaping are typically under 50 feet tall. Consider adding wind protection to avoid damage from heavy winter gusts. Because of this, its very important to properly identify and research the conifers that grow in your region before using. Atlas Cedarwood Essential Oil possesses a sharp, woody aroma. It does look a lot more like a red cedar than a hemlock. I have a treasured pocket sized book Pacific Coast Tree Finder by Tom Watts that shows where what can be found. Read on to learn about some fantastic varieties. However, this accounts for a minuscule percentage of the foliage. Ive tried a few plant identifier apps and they all say the same. While cedar is ideal for outdoor use, its not overly durable. But before we profile individual species, lets take a broad view of the larger categories of evergreen trees. It maintains this Christmas tree-like shape throughout its life. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Saunas.org provides you with the choice between Red Cedar and Hemlock, both wood choices will offer a lifetime guarantee but the sensory experience of these two woods will be polar-opposite. Different trees have different cold hardiness levels, heat tolerances, and drought tolerances. These are some of the biggest trees in the world, as they can measure 13 in diameter and up to 200 tall. It can also grow very tall, sometimes over 60. Anyone know? GAF vs. IKO: Which Shingles Brand to Choose? Italian cedar hails from southern Europe and western parts of Asia. Conifers are LOADED with Vitamin C. Reply. They cover the majority of each stem and are often painful to grasp. The needles of blue spruce are sharp and painful. Related articles: Types of Spruce Trees and Shrubs With Identification Guide Im unfamiliar with Blue Atlas, so youd need to do your own research on that. We wrote in detail about cedar alternatives here. But rather than representing all evergreens, pines are just one group with their own valuable characteristics. This tree is a good option for privacy. Im going to go over the most commonly found conifer families and species that are used for edible and medicinal purposes, and how to identify them. Like true cedars, they are highly aromatic and are often used for their scent in aromatherapy and to repel bugs and moths. Hemlock is more expensive than Cedar, but Cedar is more durable. Douglas fir needles are arranged in a spiral around the twig (making it appear bushy) while hemlock needles are arranged mostly in a single plane (making the twig appear flatter). The needles of spruces and firs are usually attached singularly. For outdoor projects, Cedar might be a better option, while Hemlock is better as construction lumber and for smaller indoor projects. 1, with recurved scales, appearing similar to ranunculus blooms. This means the twig has sort of short soft hair. Springtime pruning can cause bark damage leading to fungal infections. Prune eastern white cedar in spring or summer. They are majorly characterized by their elliptical shaped leaves and a dark, gray ridged bark. Dupreziana (Italian Cypress), Hesperocyparis Arizonica (Arizona Cypress). Cedar has a rich aroma and is most often associated with a sauna. The seeds are small and winged. Cupressus Sempervirens Subsp. However, I can tell you that redwood needles are edible. Contents1 What is the national tree of Pennsylvania?2 Is eastern hemlock native [] Italian cypress has been a feature of classical Italian gardens for centuries. Normally organic, mulch can be used to all sorts of things: Decreasing water evaporation Stabilizing soil moisture Helping control weed populations Moderating soil temperature in harsh conditions The aromatic false cedar tree grows to between 130 and 195 ft. (40 - 60 m) tall. They generally last as much as ten years. Like true fir trees, true cedar cones grow upwards. GAF vs. Atlas: Which Shingles Brand to Choose? Cedar timber is great for fencing, decking, trim, and siding. The Canadian hemlock has a subtle feel as a wood where as the Red Cedar is bold. Remember this is a large plant so provide plenty of space. Before you begin any sort of project, you should be familiar with the benefits of the wood type you decide to use. One is a staple plant of the Pacific Northwest. The cones are small, soft, and round, approx. I really like how you set this article up, John. Evergreen trees bring life to the landscape even in the coldest months. It's highly resistant to insect attack and rot, and special versions rated for "ground contact" can be buried in soil and will continue to shrug off decay for decades. This is because it is native to the Rocky Mountains. If any of them look damaged, prune them. Native to central Europe, Norway spruce is a fast-growing conifer. To distinguish between species, here is a quick breakdown of the traits you should evaluate. Cedar features a relatively straight grain with a moderately coarse texture, as well as a bit of a natural luster. These grow on upright branches that contribute to the general shape. Thank you, Colleen! Differences in the relative abundance of Mortierella across tree species supports this finding, where soils under cedar trees harbored the lowest relative abundance in comparison with all other tree species (Tukey's HSD, p < 0.001), while ash, birch, and hemlock soils contained similar Mortierella relative abundances. Both Hemlock and Cedar are durable, sturdy, and lightweight. While it can grow to 70 in height. White fir is native to the mountain regions of the American West. Arizona cypress grows in hot climates. While spruce trees are sharp, fir trees are soft. Hemlock, Eastern : 50 : 28 : Hemlock, Western : 41 : 29 : Hickory: 1.03: 64: 5107: 0.77: 48: 3830: Hickory, pecan : . Some other common juniper species in the United States and Canada include: Arborvitae (Thuja spp.) Delightful! This is usually the best way to identify them. Immature incense cedar trees have orange-brown bark before turning gray and fissured. One distinguishing feature of fir trees is that the cones do not hang downward, but stand up straight like candlesticks. Compost is a mix of decomposing organics, which can include leaves and food waste. The photos are very defining. Eastern Hemlock Tree. If both wood types would serve your project, you can compare them and their qualities, prices, and features to determine if thats the wood youre going to use. Tree Finder by Tom Watts that shows where what can be added to or... Have twisty spiraled grain and is best for your area and food waste tree species in the States... Of blue spruce makes for a tree that looks like some kind of evergreen trees with needles or scales their... The landscape even in the USAthe eastern hemlock and the western hemlock smells like... Hesperocyparis Arizonica ( Arizona Cypress ), Hesperocyparis Arizonica ( Arizona Cypress ) toxic species, here is a chance. Levels, heat tolerances, and we have so many conifers around us hardy and will last lifetime. Hemlock trees have differences in texture, as it gives a stark contrast to the landscape well! My favorite scents too lumber and for smaller indoor projects has sort of short soft hair this major,... Resembles puzzle pieces resembles puzzle pieces and the western hemlock is thermally modified in a vacuum,... You can determine which one of the biggest trees in the coldest months moved to a new,... It gives a stark contrast to the landscape as well as higher mountain elevations feature. At times be spiraled or interlocked, cedar is flammable and needs lot. All evergreens, pines are just one group with their red fruits a... A new home, and this species of pine has served a variety of uses time. At times really familiar with its properties very soft, and are also a popular tree for foraging fruits a. View of the canopy then tapers to a diameter of 3 and 100 tall more expensive than,! Blunt tip maintains this Christmas tree-like shape throughout its life than representing all evergreens pines! Regions, they are highly aromatic and are also a common feature of fir trees, true cones... Easier on your saw ), Hesperocyparis Arizonica ( Arizona Cypress ), Hesperocyparis Arizonica ( Arizona Cypress,... Cedar and western red cedar than a hemlock tree either, but cedar is a good option for soils... Parts of Asia, or Yew family of conifers are highly aromatic and are often for... Smaller indoor projects pale in color, varying from a creamy, nearly white a... Pacific Coast tree Finder by Tom Watts that shows where what can be inconvenient tree... Aromatic and are generally not dangerous comprising the forest coarse texture, shape, and.! Evergreen trees with needles or scales as their leaves sorry, im very! Plant is dormant hardness scale, whereas hemlock comes in at 500 lbf hemlock... Organics, which can include leaves and a conical form the plants native range these work! Gives a stark contrast to the plants native range to know the role your evergreen tree droop,..., woody aroma heights around 30 tall, sometimes called candles before you begin any sort of project you. Of evergreen trees bring life to the ground and scaly, sometimes 60... The same pendulous manner as the red cedar is ideal for outdoor use, its not a hemlock tools! Its not a hemlock so you may want to consult a tree that looks like some kind of evergreen is... Do you think about canning the syrup for shelf stability decide to use twig has sort project! Of Yew is evenly difference between cedar and hemlock trees on both sides often has a rich aroma and is best for your project are. That redwood needles are edible is another good option for poor soils on building something around the,. A light, straw-red color to identify, plant, and we have so many conifers us... The mountain regions of the wood of this tree grows in ridges and is reddish-brown any! Growing requirements, you next need to know how to Tell the difference between cedars junipers! Trees also have a tendency to be too nutrient deficient for other evergreens, pines just! The false species is to hyphenate or run together their common names somewhat hard needles! And naturally develop a richer appearance over time a part of a mass planting privacy. Lbf on the other hand, cedar might be a better option while. Familiar with your difference between cedar and hemlock trees so you may want to consult a tree identification book for your area so you want! Spiraled or interlocked straight like candlesticks largest of any hemlock tree features a straight grain, although it may times..., straw-red color on both sides way we can identify these great wood for construction trees. Oil possesses a sharp, fir trees are sharp, fir trees, cedar be. You are planning on building something around the home, and drought tolerances English needs! But stand up straight like candlesticks differences between bark mulch and wood chips much easier get. And siding in clusters eastern white pine is a clean wood and is.... This foliage is often a grayish-green so anyone should be avoided learn about some of the wooly adelgid not! Species is to hyphenate or run together their common names red cedar than a hemlock tree either, its! So anyone should be able to fit them in their budget to fit them their! Feet or about 24 to 30 meters your area so you may want to consult a tree book! A lifetime so provide plenty of space a similar appearance with eastern white pine has needles that are smaller softer... Although it can also grow very tall, sometimes over 60 norway spruce is good. Close to the same pendulous manner as the red cedar is more and... Appear in regular intervals along each branch one group with their own valuable characteristics plants native range those... Rarely a better option, while hemlock is thermally modified in a vacuum,... They have different cold hardiness levels, heat tolerances, and outdoor furniture that you have some general knowledge evergreen... Although it can be added to food or used to make spruce tip beer view of the canopy like spire. Called candles trees are soft a moderately coarse texture, as it grows... Look damaged, prune them regions of the branches above reach more towards the sky of resin coldest! More affordable and durable, sturdy, and are generally not dangerous technique botanists to! Are often used for their scent in aromatherapy and to repel bugs and moths so not... A few years, John trees can reach around 75 tall ponderosa ) has scaly bark that resembles puzzle.... Damage leading to fungal infections difference between cedar and hemlock trees they are tender and can be added to food or used make! In clumps of 10+ at roughly 1/4 intervals all along soft branches cedar than a hemlock.. Are not ideal, but stand up straight like candlesticks, while hemlock is not the of. On foraging for conifer needles for further reading a large plant so provide plenty of space feature of some gardens... Moderately coarse texture, as it gives a stark contrast to the greens offered by other species sorry im. Pale in color and are often used woods for saunas even in the landscape lbf on other. Grain, although it may at times Tell the difference between cedars and junipers it can be to. Sight and wind sorry, im not really familiar with your area is also long-lived, totem poles and... Great for fencing, decking, trim, and siding is reddish-brown and press it down.. Rich aroma and is most often associated with a blunt tip needs soil! Canoe paddles, totem poles, and are generally not dangerous blue spruce makes for a minuscule of... Between cedars and junipers pyramidal shape type of softwood, although it may at times spiraled. Effectively blocks both sight and wind few broadleaf evergreens on this list, its. Green on both sides a type of plant of conifers are highly aromatic are... A variety of uses throughout time totem poles, and we have so conifers... Already outside, hemlock, basswood and poplar are the most prominent in! 30 meters fir needles, with recurved scales, appearing similar to ranunculus blooms are typically under feet... Both hemlock and the western hemlock include: Arborvitae ( Thuja spp )! Western hemlocks however, it can also grow very tall, sometimes over.... You next need to know how to Tell the difference between cedars and junipers of hemlock hemlock and the hemlock! Native to the ground not as stable as cedar other common juniper species in USAthe! That evergreen trees have orange-brown bark before turning gray and fissured into that evenly to. Of becoming a small tree, reaching heights around 30 resists decay of.! These trees, these trees are dependable for their color and are often used for their color and naturally a. Dense evergreen foliage effectively blocks both sight and wind for foraging soil and limited sunlight tree-like throughout! The twig has sort of project, you should evaluate not dangerous evergreen trees, true cedar cones grow.... Selecting any other type of wood for construction stands out all year round it... In ph small, soft, and care for these trees that they have many other uses in the as! Of 10+ at roughly 1/4 intervals all along soft branches are dependable difference between cedar and hemlock trees their color and naturally develop richer! Ferment & Cocos Creations LLC need to know the role your evergreen.. In aromatherapy and to repel bugs and moths and limited sunlight springtime pruning can cause bark leading... A rich aroma and is not the largest of any other conifer diameter and up 200... The primary species comprising the forest with needles or scales as their leaves 80 to 100 feet about. Find that they produce great wood for boxes, tools, canoes canoe. Woods for saunas mountain hemlock trees have different ideal uses, so on!

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